More and More Restrictive
Virginia is known for its long tradition of valuing individual rights and personal responsibility, but that is a tradition that is being eroded with new laws and purchase limits. If you’re interested in learning about concealed carry laws Virginia, you’ve come to the right place.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything from the basics of firearm ownership to the specifics of obtaining and using a Virginia concealed carry permit. We’ll also cover important topics like concealed carry training and how Virginia stacks up against other states in terms of CCW requirements by state. Let’s dive into a comprehensive overview that will empower you to exercise your rights safely and responsibly.
Table of Contents
Overview of Concealed Carry Laws Virginia
Virginia is a shall-issue state when it comes to carrying concealed weapons. This means that if you meet the state’s requirements, you are entitled to a concealed carry permit. Under concealed carry laws Virginia, residents and non-residents alike can apply for a Virginia Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP). However, there are some key details to keep in mind:
Age Requirements:
The minimum age for obtaining a concealed carry permit in Virginia is 21. Open carry is allowed for those 18 and older, but a permit is required to carry concealed.Permit Issuance:
Virginia is a shall-issue state, meaning that if you meet all the requirements—including completing a state-approved firearms training course and demonstrating competence with a handgun—you will be issued a permit. Residents file their applications with the circuit court in their county, while non-residents must mail their application to the State Police.Training Requirements:
While the law mandates a state-approved training course, many experts also recommend additional concealed carry training to help you handle your firearm safely and effectively. This training not only covers the basics of firearm use but also teaches you about situational awareness and self-defense.Purchase and Transfer Rules:
When buying a handgun, Virginia law used to allow private sales without permits. However, as of July 1, 2020, all handgun sales must be completed through a licensed dealer who will perform a background check. There’s also a one-handgun-per-month purchase limit—unless you are a concealed carry permit holder.
The Permit Application Process
Getting your Virginia concealed carry permit is a process built on clear guidelines. Here’s what you need to know:
Filing Your Application:
For residents, the application is filed at the circuit court in your county of residence. If you’re a non-resident, you’ll need to mail your application to the State Police. The process requires you to submit proof of training and demonstrate competence with a handgun.Training and Competence:
Applicants must complete a state-approved firearms training course. Courses can range from hunter safety classes to NRA-certified programs. This training is crucial—not only to meet legal requirements but also to ensure you are prepared for any self-defense situation.Fees and Processing Time:
The fee for a resident permit is typically $50 (with some counties offering a reduced fee), while non-residents pay $100. Once you’ve submitted your application and supporting documents, the processing time is around 45 days for residents. Non-resident applications may take up to 5–6 months due to higher application volumes.Permit Validity and Renewal:
Once issued, your permit is valid for five years. You’ll receive a renewal notice about 90 days before your permit expires, and you can renew up to 180 days after expiration. The renewal process is similar to the initial application.
Self-Defense and Safe Carry Practices
Virginia’s legal framework supports the right to self-defense. Although the state does not have a codified “castle doctrine” or “stand your ground” law, case law supports the use of self-defense in many situations.
Defense of Self and Others:
If you reasonably believe you are in imminent danger of unlawful force, you are allowed to use reasonable—and, in extreme cases, deadly—force to defend yourself or another person. However, deadly force is only justified if there is a real threat of serious bodily injury or death.Defense of Dwelling:
Virginia permits the use of non-deadly force to prevent an unlawful entry into your home. Deadly force in the home is only allowed when you have a reasonable belief that an intruder poses a significant threat of harm.Practical Training:
Whether you’re new to firearms or an experienced carrier, concealed carry training plays an essential role in ensuring you can make smart decisions in high-pressure situations. The training courses not only cover marksmanship and handling but also emphasize legal responsibilities and de-escalation techniques.
Understanding these principles is a key part of the concealed carry laws Virginia and helps you become a safer, more confident carrier. However, self-defense laws can be difficult to navigate and there are many what-if scenarios. To help firearms owners be more informed, we’ve collected a number of resources on firearms and self-defense laws that you can find here.
Where Can You Carry? Carry Locations and Restrictions
Even with a valid permit, knowing where you can and cannot carry your firearm is crucial. Virginia’s laws specify several locations where carrying a concealed weapon is restricted:
Permitted Locations:
With your Virginia CHP, you can carry in many public spaces such as bars and restaurants (provided you are not consuming alcohol), vehicles (if properly stored when not in use), and in many state/national parks and wildlife management areas (although state parks have some restrictions).Restricted Locations:
There are clear boundaries set by concealed carry laws Virginia:- Schools, child day centers, and school buses are off limits.
- Public, private, or religious elementary, middle, and high schools and their grounds are prohibited, except in specific cases like carrying an unloaded firearm in a vehicle.
- Certain government buildings, including courthouses and parts of Capitol Square, restrict firearm carry.
- Places of worship during services are off limits unless you have a “good and sufficient reason.”
- Some localities may have additional restrictions, so always check local rules.
Special Considerations:
In areas like airport terminals, non-secure zones are off limits. Additionally, if you are under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs, carrying your firearm is not permitted.
Washinton D.C. - Special Considerations
Washington D.C. takes a notably different approach, reflecting its unique urban environment and strict regulatory framework. One that sets itself apart from the rest of the state when it comes to firearms laws.
Permit Issuance and Registration:
D.C. is a shall-issue district, but here all firearms must be registered with the Metropolitan Police Department. Concealed Carry Pistol Licenses (CCPLs) are issued to residents and non-residents alike—but every firearm you carry must be registered, and you can’t even possess ammunition for an unregistered weapon.Open Carry is a No-Go:
Unlike Virginia, open carry is outright illegal in D.C., so if you’re carrying a firearm, it must be concealed and you must have a valid CCPL.Training Requirements:
Applicants must complete an extensive, Metro Police–approved training course (at least 16 hours, including live fire exercises). This robust training regimen goes beyond what many states require, underscoring D.C.’s stringent approach.Ammunition and Magazine Limits:
D.C. limits handgun magazines to no more than 10 rounds, and its ammunition restrictions require that you hold a registration certificate for a firearm before possessing ammunition.Reciprocity and Travel:
One major point: Washington D.C. does not honor concealed carry permits issued by any other state. That means if you hold a Virginia permit, you won’t be allowed to carry in D.C. unless you obtain a D.C. license.
Key Differences: What Carriers Need to Know
When comparing these two jurisdictions, several critical differences stand out:
Permit Issuance and Application Process
- Virginia:
Permits are issued through local circuit courts or the State Police. The process is fairly straightforward for those who meet the minimum age (21) and training requirements. - Washington D.C.:
Permits are issued by the Metropolitan Police Department, and the process is coupled with a mandatory firearm registration. D.C.’s application is more rigorous and includes a waiting period, fingerprinting, and a detailed review.
Open Carry
- Virginia:
Open carry is legal for those 18 and older, which provides flexibility if you’re not comfortable with a concealed weapon. - Washington D.C.:
Open carry is completely banned. Every firearm must be carried concealed—and only by those with a valid CCPL.
Firearm Registration and Ammunition
- Virginia:
Private transactions don’t require registration (except when bought through a dealer post-2020 changes), and ammunition isn’t strictly regulated beyond the sales process. - Washington D.C.:
Every firearm must be registered, and you must have a registration certificate to legally possess ammunition. This layer of control can catch carriers off guard if they’re used to more relaxed rules.
Magazine Capacity
- Virginia:
Handgun magazines are limited to 20 rounds. - Washington D.C.:
The limit is lower—only 10 rounds are allowed, which could affect your defensive strategy if you’re used to higher capacity magazines.
Reciprocity
- Virginia:
Virginia is welcoming to out-of-state permits, making travel easier for carriers. - Washington D.C.:
D.C. stands alone and does not honor any concealed carry permits from other states. This is a major compliance issue for anyone traveling between Virginia and D.C.
Training and Waiting Periods
- Virginia:
A state-approved training course is required, and the overall process is generally quicker (about 45 days for residents). - Washington D.C.:
The training requirements are more extensive (at least 16 hours of training plus range practice), and the processing time can extend to 60–90 days.
What These Differences Mean for Carriers
If you’re someone who carries regularly or plans to travel between Virginia and Washington D.C., these differences are critical:
Travel Considerations:
Even if you’re fully compliant with concealed carry laws Virginia, your Virginia permit won’t grant you the right to carry in D.C. You’ll need to obtain a D.C. CCPL—and adhere to its stringent requirements—before stepping into the District.Operational Readiness:
The lower magazine capacity and strict ammunition registration in D.C. mean that defensive strategies must be adapted. Additionally, the extended training requirements could be seen as an opportunity to upgrade your concealed carry training and enhance your overall readiness.Legal Compliance:
Understanding and following CCW requirements by state is non-negotiable. The penalties for non-compliance in D.C. can be severe, so always double-check local laws before crossing jurisdictional lines.
For a downloadable PDF guide to D.C.’s firearms laws check out HandgunLaw.us
Reciprocity and CCW Requirements by State
Virginia takes a cooperative approach when it comes to recognizing concealed carry permits from other states. Here’s what you need to know about reciprocity:
Out-of-State Permits:
Virginia honors all valid out-of-state concealed carry permits issued to individuals who are at least 21 years old and carry a government-issued photo ID. This means that if you have a permit from another state, you can generally carry in Virginia as long as your permit remains valid.Virginia Permit Holders Abroad:
Conversely, permits issued in Virginia are recognized in many states. However, it’s important to always check the CCW requirements by state before traveling, as each state sets its own rules regarding concealed carry.Restricted Reciprocity:
Some states have restrictions that only honor permits from Virginia residents or require additional qualifications. Always verify the latest reciprocity details, as state laws can change.
By understanding these reciprocity rules, you can confidently travel across state lines while keeping in line with the concealed carry laws Virginia and the CCW requirements by state.
Additional Firearm Purchase and Possession Guidelines
Virginia also has specific rules for buying and possessing firearms:
Background Checks and Sales:
All handgun sales in Virginia must be conducted through a licensed dealer, who will perform a background check. This rule applies even to private sales due to legislation that took effect in July 2020.Purchase Limits:
There is a one-handgun-per-month purchase limit unless you hold a valid concealed carry permit. This is designed to help prevent impulsive or unsafe firearm purchases.No Registration Requirement:
Unlike some states, Virginia does not require handgun registration. This means that once you’ve purchased your firearm following the proper background checks, there is no additional registration process.Possession in the Home:
You are allowed to possess and carry a handgun in your private residence without a permit, as long as you are legally entitled to own the firearm.
These guidelines are part of the broader concealed carry laws Virginia that aim to “ensure” safe and responsible firearm ownership.
Policing the Brass - Conclusion
Virginia’s approach to concealed carry in theory strikes a balance between protecting individual rights and ensuring public safety. The concealed carry laws Virginia are “designed” to “empower responsible citizens” by setting clear standards for permit issuance, training, and where you can carry your firearm. With robust self-defense provisions and a clear application process, Virginia remains a model for those seeking to exercise their right to carry while understanding their legal responsibilities.
Whether you’re a resident applying for your first permit or an experienced carrier looking to understand the latest updates, it’s essential to stay informed. Consider investing in quality concealed carry training and always review the latest CCW requirements by state when traveling. Armed with this knowledge, you can confidently exercise your rights and contribute to a safer community.
For a downloadable reference guide to Virginia’s firearms laws, check out HandgunLaw.us here.
Stay safe, stay informed, and remember defending your rights is the first step towards a more secure and empowered future.
Concealed Carry Laws Virginia Q&A Section
Carry Basics Questions
| CHEMICAL SPRAY/PEPPER SPRAY? | Yes, any person may use pepper spray in the protection of person, life, or property under Virginia law. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-312] |
| GUN PERMIT LICENSURE? | Virginia is a shall-issue state. Concealed carry permits are issued by the circuit court for residents (with non-residents required to mail their application to the State Police) after completing a state‑approved firearms training course and demonstrating handgun competence. |
| OPEN CARRY PERMITTED? | Yes, open carry is permitted in Virginia for anyone at least 18 years old who is legally entitled to possess a firearm, though some localities may restrict it in certain venues. |
| TASERS OR STUN GUNS? | Yes. Stun guns and Tasers are legal to purchase and possess without a permit, but they may not be carried in a secure airport terminal, a courthouse, or on school property (including school buses). [Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.2-308.1, 18.2-287.01, 18.2-283.1] |
| WEAPONS OTHER THAN HANDGUNS ALLOWED? | No. A concealed carry permit in Virginia only authorizes the carrying of handguns. |
| AMMUNITION RESTRICTIONS? | No, Virginia does not impose ammunition restrictions. |
| MAGAZINE LIMITS FOR HANDGUNS? | Yes, handgun magazines are limited to no more than 20 rounds. Additionally, magazines that exceed 20 rounds (or are designed to accommodate a silencer or folding stock) are classified as assault firearms in certain localities. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-287.4] |
| MINIMUM AGE FOR CONCEALED CARRY? | The minimum age to obtain a concealed carry permit in Virginia is 21 years old. |
| CONSTITUTIONAL CARRY? | No, Virginia does not allow constitutional carry. |
Carry Location Questions
| CARRY IN RESTAURANTS THAT SERVE ALCOHOL? | Yes, you may carry a concealed firearm in bars and restaurants with a valid concealed carry permit—provided no posted restrictions exist and you are not consuming alcohol. |
| CARRY IN STATE/NATIONAL PARKS, STATE/NATIONAL FORESTS AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREAS (WMAS)? | Yes, with a valid concealed carry permit you may carry in these areas; however, note that carrying is not permitted in state parks. |
| CARRY IN VEHICLE? | Yes, you can carry a concealed handgun in a vehicle if you have a permit. Alternatively, handguns may be transported without a permit if they are secured in a closed container or compartment (e.g., glove compartment or console). |
| CARRY/POSSESS AT A HOTEL? | No. A Virginia concealed carry permit does not authorize possession of a firearm on hotel property where prohibited by law or by the property owner. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.01(c)] |
| CARRY AT ROADSIDE REST AREAS? | No, you cannot carry a concealed firearm at roadside rest areas in Virginia. |
| STORE IN A VEHICLE IN AN EMPLOYEE PARKING LOT? | Virginia law does not restrict storing a lawfully possessed firearm and ammunition in a locked private motor vehicle at an employee parking lot, except for specific exceptions (e.g., local jails or juvenile detention facilities). [Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-915] |
Key State Laws
| PUBLIC ACCESS TO CONCEALED CARRY REGISTRY? | No, the public cannot access concealed carry registry information in Virginia except for references in order books prior to July 1, 2008, and aggregate data provided to law enforcement. |
| DUTY TO INFORM OFFICER YOU’RE CARRYING? | No, there is no duty to notify a law enforcement officer that you are carrying a concealed firearm in Virginia. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.01] |
| RED FLAG LAW? | Yes, Virginia has a red flag law that allows an attorney for the Commonwealth or law enforcement to petition the court for an emergency order (up to 180 days) that prohibits the individual from purchasing, possessing, or transporting a firearm. [Future VCA 19.2-152.13] |
| “NO WEAPONS ALLOWED” SIGNS ENFORCED? | No, such signs have no force of law unless posted in areas specifically designated by statute as off limits. |
| TRIBAL LAND? | The provided information does not address carrying firearms on tribal land in Virginia. |
| CARRY WHILE USING ALCOHOL OR A CONTROLLED DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE? | No, Virginia law prohibits carrying a concealed firearm while consuming or under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs in a public place. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.012] |
| NON-RESIDENT PERMITTING? | Yes, Virginia issues concealed carry permits to non-residents. |
| BRANDISHING? | Yes, it is unlawful in Virginia to point, hold, or brandish a firearm (or similar object) in a manner that reasonably induces fear of being shot or injured, and reckless handling is also prohibited. [Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.2-282 and 18.2-56.1] |
| DRIVER’S LICENSE LINKED TO CARRY PERMIT? | Yes, your Virginia driver’s license is linked to your concealed carry permit, so law enforcement is immediately notified when your license is run. |
| PREEMPTION? | Virginia has partial preemption of firearms laws; however, localities may impose additional restrictions in certain areas (e.g., government buildings, public parks, and events) provided proper notice is posted. [Va. Code Ann. §§ 15.2-915 and 15.2-1209] |
Handgun Purchase & Possession Questions
| WAITING PERIOD? | No, there is no waiting period after purchasing a handgun in Virginia. |
| PERMIT EXEMPTS FROM BACKGROUND CHECK? | No, a Virginia concealed carry permit does not exempt you from a background check when purchasing a firearm. |
| PURCHASE PERMITS? | No, a permit is not required to purchase a handgun in Virginia. |
| BACKGROUND CHECKS FOR PRIVATE GUN SALES? | Yes, all private handgun sales must be conducted through a licensed dealer who performs a background check. [SB 70] |
| MINIMUM AGE TO POSSESS AND TRANSPORT? | The minimum age to possess and transport a handgun in Virginia is 18 years old. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.7] |
| POSSESS A HANDGUN ON MY PRIVATE PROPERTY WITHOUT A PERMIT? | Yes, you may possess or carry a handgun in your home or place of business without a permit. [Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.2-308(B) and (C)] |
| HANDGUN REGISTRATION? | No, handguns do not need to be registered in Virginia. |
Concealed Carry Reciprocity With Other States
| WHAT ARE ALL STATE CONCEALED CARRY LICENSES DOES VIRGINIA HONOR? | Virginia honors all valid out‑of‑state concealed carry permits issued to individuals at least 21 years old with a government‑issued photo ID. This includes permits from: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida (handguns only), Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. |
| WHAT ARE ALL OTHER STATES THAT HAVE RECIPROCITY WITH VIRGINIA? | Virginia permits are honored by the following states: Alabama (permitless carry, at least 19), Arkansas (permitless carry, at least 18), Idaho (permitless carry, at least 18), Indiana (permitless carry, at least 18), Montana (permitless carry, at least 18), Nevada, New Hampshire (permitless carry, at least 18), New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), South Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), and Vermont (permitless carry, at least 18). |
| WHAT ARE ALL THE OTHER STATES THAT HAVE RESTRICTED RECIPROCITY WITH VIRGINIA? | The states with restricted reciprocity with Virginia are: Alaska (permitless carry, at least 21), Arizona (permitless carry, at least 21), Colorado (resident permits only, at least 21), Florida (permitless carry, at least 21), Georgia (permitless carry, at least 21), Iowa (permitless carry, at least 21), Kansas (permitless carry, at least 21), Kentucky (permitless carry, at least 21), Louisiana (permitless carry, at least 21), Maine (permitless carry, at least 21), Michigan (resident permits only, at least 21), Mississippi (permitless carry, at least 21), Missouri (permitless carry, at least 19 [18 for military]), Nebraska (permitless carry, at least 21), Ohio (permitless carry, at least 21), Oklahoma (permitless carry, at least 21), South Carolina (permitless carry, at least 18), Tennessee (permitless carry, at least 18), Texas (permitless carry, at least 21), Utah (permitless carry, at least 21), West Virginia (permitless carry, at least 21), and Wisconsin (non‑resident permits only). |
| WHAT ARE ALL THE PERMITLESS CARRY STATES? | The permitless carry states include: Alabama (permitless carry, at least 19), Alaska (permitless carry, at least 21), Arizona (permitless carry, at least 21), Arkansas (permitless carry, at least 18), Florida (permitless carry, at least 21), Georgia (permitless carry, at least 21), Idaho (permitless carry, at least 18), Indiana (permitless carry, at least 18), Iowa (permitless carry, at least 21), Kansas (permitless carry, at least 21), Kentucky (permitless carry, at least 21), Louisiana (permitless carry, at least 21), Maine (permitless carry, at least 21), Mississippi (permitless carry, at least 21), Missouri (permitless carry, at least 19 [18 for military]), Montana (permitless carry, at least 18), Nebraska (permitless carry, at least 21), New Hampshire (permitless carry, at least 18), North Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), Ohio (permitless carry, at least 21), Oklahoma (permitless carry, at least 21), South Carolina (permitless carry, at least 18), South Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), Tennessee (permitless carry, at least 18), Texas (permitless carry, at least 21), Utah (permitless carry, at least 21), Vermont (permitless carry, at least 18), West Virginia (permitless carry, at least 21), and Wyoming (permitless carry, at least 21). |
Concealed Carry License Information Questions
| WHAT DO YOU DO IF A PERMIT IS LOST OR STOLEN? | If your concealed handgun permit is lost, stolen, destroyed, or mutilated, contact your county sheriff to apply for a replacement. Replacement fees are generally $5. |
| HOW LONG ARE PERMITS VALID FOR? | Virginia concealed carry permits are valid for 5 years. |
| LINK TO APPLICATION | The application is available for download from your local circuit court or sheriff’s office, or via the Virginia State Police website. |
| ARE NON-RESIDENT CONCEALED CARRY PERMITS ISSUED? | Yes, Virginia issues concealed carry permits to non-residents. |
| WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU MOVE TO OR OUT OF VIRGINIA AND WANT OR HAVE A CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT? | If you move within Virginia, your permit remains valid provided you update your name/address. If you move out of Virginia, your permit remains valid until it expires, but you must notify the appropriate agency of your change of address. |
| WHAT ARE THE FEES FOR A CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT? | Resident fees are $50 (or $15 for King William County residents); non-resident permits cost $100. There are no fees for retired law enforcement officers with 15 years of service. |
| WHAT IS THE PROCESSING TIME? | The processing time is approximately 45 days for residents and 3 to 6 months for non-residents. |
| WHAT IS THE PROCESS FOR NAME OR ADDRESS CHANGES? | You must complete a designated form and submit it to the Firearms Transaction Center at P.O. Box 85141, Richmond, VA 23285-5141 (or via email to [email protected]) along with a $10 fee. |
| WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS? | Applicants must be at least 21 years old, reside in the county of application, demonstrate handgun competence through a state‑approved training course, and meet various eligibility criteria (e.g., no recent felony or certain misdemeanor convictions, no disqualifying mental health or substance abuse history, and compliance with federal law). |
| WHAT IS THE CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT APPLICATION PROCESS? | Step 1: Complete a state-approved firearms training course. Step 2: Download or pick up the application from the circuit court or sheriff’s office. Step 3: File the application in person or by mail (non-residents must mail theirs to the State Police) along with your training certificate. Step 4: You will be notified by mail of the decision. |
| WHAT ARE THE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR A CONCEALED CARRY LICENSE? | Applicants must demonstrate competence with a handgun by completing an approved hunter safety course, NRA course, or another firearms safety/training course offered by a certified instructor or agency. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.02] |
| WHAT IS THE CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT RENEWAL PROCESS? | You will be notified 90 days before your permit expires. You may submit a renewal application up to 180 days after expiration by mailing it to the clerk of the circuit court of your county or city, with a decision typically communicated within 45 days. |
| WHERE CAN I CARRY A CONCEALED FIREARM? | You can carry in bars/restaurants (if not prohibited by posted signs and provided you consume no alcohol), in your vehicle (with a permit or if the firearm is secured), and in many state/national parks, forests, and WMAs (with a permit), subject to specific local restrictions. |
| WHERE CAN’T I CARRY A CONCEALED FIREARM? | You cannot carry in child day centers, schools and school buses, many government buildings (e.g., courthouses, Capitol Square areas), certain public events, and any location where the carrying of firearms is prohibited by law or by the property owner. |
| IS THERE A HUNTER HARASSMENT LAW? | Yes, it is unlawful in Virginia to willfully and intentionally impede the lawful hunting or trapping of wild birds or wild animals. [Va. Code Ann. § 29.1-521.1] |
| CAN I CARRY WHILE HUNTING? | Yes, with a valid concealed carry permit, you may carry while shotgun or rifle hunting provided you do not use the handgun to hunt wildlife. [Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308(C)(6)] |
| CAN I CARRY WHILE BOW HUNTING? | Yes, with a valid concealed carry permit you may carry while bow hunting, except in areas where it is prohibited by law or by the property owner, and note that the permit does not authorize the use of the handgun for hunting. |
| WHAT ARE THE KNIFE LAWS? | Virginia prohibits the concealed carry of dirks, Bowie knives, machetes, razors, and similar weapons. Possession of throwing stars, switchblades, ballistic knives, and like weapons is also illegal—with the exception of pocket knives having a folding metal blade of less than 3 inches in schools. [Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.2-311, 18.2-308(A), and 18.2-308.1]. |
| CAN I WEAR A COVID MASK AND CARRY CONCEALED? | Yes, there is no known Virginia statute that makes it illegal to wear a COVID‑19 protective mask while carrying concealed. A law exists regarding masks intended to conceal identity, but it does not apply during a declared emergency when appropriate masks are permitted. |
| ARE THERE ANY SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR LEO’S OR RETIRED LEO’S? | Yes, law enforcement officers and retired law enforcement officers (RLEOs) may carry under the Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act (LEOSA) and have a separate certification process for nationwide carry privileges. [See LEOSA details and Virginia State Police LEOSA webpage] |
Concealed Carry Laws Washington D.C. - Q&A Section
Carry Basics Questions
| CHEMICAL SPRAY/PEPPER SPRAY? | Yes, a person may use a self‐defense spray as reasonable force to protect themselves or their property. However, it must be propelled from an aerosol container and comply with restrictions on chemical mixtures, labeling, and dating. [D.C. Code §§ 7-2502.12, 7-2502.13] |
| GUN PERMIT LICENSURE? | D.C. is a shall‑issue jurisdiction. Concealed Carry Pistol Licenses (CCPLs) are issued by the D.C. Metropolitan Police Department after completion of an approved firearms training course and meeting all eligibility requirements. |
| OPEN CARRY PERMITTED? | No, open carry is not permitted in Washington, D.C. [D.C. Code § 24-2344.1] |
| TASERS OR STUN GUNS? | Yes, individuals 18 years or older may possess a stun gun or Taser for self‑defense; however, restrictions apply for possession in certain government or institutional buildings. [D.C. Code § 7-2502.15] |
| WEAPONS OTHER THAN HANDGUNS ALLOWED? | No, a District concealed carry license only authorizes the carry of handguns. |
| AMMUNITION RESTRICTIONS? | Yes, ammunition possession is restricted. You must have a valid firearm registration certificate to possess ammunition, and transfers are limited to the registered owner or qualifying non-resident. Additionally, certain types of “restricted pistol bullets” are prohibited for CCPL holders. [See D.C. Code §§ 7-2501.01(13A), 7-2506.01] |
| MAGAZINE LIMITS FOR HANDGUNS? | Yes, the magazine capacity for handguns is limited to no more than 10 rounds. [D.C. Code § 7–2506.01(b)] |
| MINIMUM AGE FOR CONCEALED CARRY? | You must be at least 21 years old to obtain a concealed carry license in Washington, D.C. |
| CONSTITUTIONAL CARRY? | No, Washington, D.C. does not allow constitutional carry. |
Carry Location Questions
| CARRY IN RESTAURANTS THAT SERVE ALCOHOL? | No, you cannot concealed carry in bars or restaurants where alcohol is served, sold, and consumed, except for limited exceptions for certain on-premises retailers. [D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(7)] |
| CARRY IN STATE/NATIONAL PARKS, STATE/NATIONAL FORESTS AND WMAS? | No, firearms are prohibited in public parks, including state/national parks, forests, and Wildlife Management Areas in Washington, D.C. [D.C. Code § 7-2509.07(a)] |
| CARRY IN VEHICLE? | Yes, with a valid D.C. Concealed Carry Pistol License (CCPL). Without a license, a firearm must be unloaded, contained in a locked container (not accessible from the passenger compartment), and separated from ammunition. [D.C. Code § 22-4504.02] |
| CARRY/POSSESS AT A HOTEL? | No, property owners (such as hotels) may prohibit or restrict the possession of firearms on their premises. Always check with the hotel regarding their concealed carry policy. [D.C. Code § 22–4503.02] |
| CARRY AT ROADSIDE REST AREAS? | This does not apply as Washington, D.C. does not have roadside rest areas. |
| STORE IN A VEHICLE IN AN EMPLOYEE PARKING LOT? | When transporting a firearm, if you approach a prohibited location, you must immediately secure it in an unloaded, locked container outside of the passenger compartment, as required by transportation guidelines. [Title 22 Subtitle VI Chpt. 45 § 22-4504.02] |
Key State Laws
| PUBLIC ACCESS TO CONCEALED CARRY REGISTRY? | No, the District does not allow public access to concealed carry registry information. |
| DUTY TO INFORM OFFICER YOU’RE CARRYING? | Yes, you are required to inform a law enforcement officer that you are carrying a concealed firearm in Washington, D.C. [D.C. Code § 7-2509.04(d)] |
| RED FLAG LAW? | Yes, Washington, D.C. has a red flag law that allows family members, cohabitants, mental health professionals, and law enforcement to petition for an order requiring the surrender of firearms, ammunition, and related licenses. [D.C. Code § 7–2510.02 thru 7-2510.12] |
| “NO WEAPONS ALLOWED” SIGNS ENFORCED? | Yes, if “No Weapons Allowed” signs are posted conspicuously (minimum size 8″x10″ with 36-point contrasting ink), they are enforced and violations may result in criminal penalties. [D.C. Code § 24-2346] |
| TRIBAL LAND? | The provided information does not address carrying firearms on tribal land within Washington, D.C. |
| CARRY WHILE USING ALCOHOL OR A CONTROLLED DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE? | No, the District prohibits carrying a concealed firearm while consuming alcohol or drugs. [D.C. Code § 7-2509.06] |
| NON-RESIDENT PERMITTING? | Yes, Washington, D.C. issues concealed carry licenses to non-residents; however, any firearm carried must be registered in the District. Individuals without a D.C. residence must also hold a permit from their state of residence. |
| BRANDISHING? | No formal definition of brandishing exists, but it is unlawful to assault or threaten another in a menacing manner with a dangerous weapon. [D.C. Code § 22-402] |
| DRIVER’S LICENSE LINKED TO CARRY PERMIT? | No, your D.C. driver’s license is not linked to your concealed carry pistol license, so law enforcement will not automatically be notified of your CCPL status when running your driver’s license. |
| PREEMPTION? | Not applicable. Washington, D.C. does not have preemption laws regarding concealed carry; local ordinances do not supersede the District’s firearm laws. |
Handgun Purchase & Possession Questions
| WAITING PERIOD? | Yes, there is a 10-day waiting period after purchasing a handgun in Washington, D.C. |
| PERMIT EXEMPTS FROM BACKGROUND CHECK? | No, having a D.C. concealed carry license does not exempt you from a background check when purchasing a firearm. |
| PURCHASE PERMITS? | Yes, a permit is required to purchase a handgun because the firearms registration process serves as the permitting process in D.C. |
| BACKGROUND CHECKS FOR PRIVATE GUN SALES? | Yes, all private firearms transfers must be conducted through a licensed dealer who performs a background check and keeps a record of the sale. [D.C. Code § 7–2502.01] |
| MINIMUM AGE TO POSSESS AND TRANSPORT? | The minimum age to possess and transport a handgun in Washington, D.C. is 21 years old. [D.C. Code § 7-2502.03] |
| POSSESS A HANDGUN ON MY PRIVATE PROPERTY WITHOUT A PERMIT? | No, in order to possess a handgun in your home or place of business in D.C., the firearm must be registered with the Metropolitan Police Department. Registration does not permit you to take the firearm outside those locations. [D.C. Code § 22–4504.01] |
| HANDGUN REGISTRATION? | Yes, all handguns must be registered with the D.C. Metropolitan Police Department, and the registration process includes a background check and online training requirement. |
Concealed Carry Reciprocity With Other States
| WHAT ARE ALL STATE CONCEALED CARRY LICENSES DOES WASHINGTON, D.C. HONOR? | Washington, D.C. does not honor concealed carry licenses from any state or subdivision of the United States. |
| WHAT ARE ALL OTHER STATES THAT HAVE RECIPROCITY WITH WASHINGTON, D.C.? | None. D.C. does not recognize out-of-state concealed carry permits. |
| WHAT ARE ALL THE OTHER STATES THAT HAVE RESTRICTED RECIPROCITY WITH WASHINGTON, D.C.? | Not applicable, since Washington, D.C. does not honor any concealed carry permits from other jurisdictions. |
| WHAT ARE ALL THE PERMITLESS CARRY STATES? | Permitless carry states include: Alabama (permitless carry, at least 19), Alaska (permitless carry, at least 21), Arizona (permitless carry, at least 21), Arkansas (permitless carry, at least 18), Florida (permitless carry, at least 21), Georgia (permitless carry, at least 21), Idaho (permitless carry, at least 18), Indiana (permitless carry, at least 18), Iowa (permitless carry, at least 21), Kansas (permitless carry, at least 21), Kentucky (permitless carry, at least 21), Louisiana (permitless carry, at least 21), Maine (permitless carry, at least 21), Mississippi (permitless carry, at least 21), Missouri (permitless carry, at least 19 [18 for military]), Montana (permitless carry, at least 18), Nebraska (permitless carry, at least 21), New Hampshire (permitless carry, at least 18), North Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), Ohio (permitless carry, at least 21), Oklahoma (permitless carry, at least 21), South Carolina (permitless carry, at least 18), South Dakota (permitless carry, at least 18), Tennessee (permitless carry, at least 18), Texas (permitless carry, at least 21), Utah (permitless carry, at least 21), Vermont (permitless carry, at least 18), West Virginia (permitless carry, at least 21), and Wyoming (permitless carry, at least 21). |
Concealed Carry License Information Questions
| WHAT DO YOU DO IF A PERMIT IS LOST OR STOLEN? | If your concealed carry license or firearm registration certificate is lost, stolen, or destroyed, notify the chief in writing and follow the District’s procedures for replacement. |
| HOW LONG ARE PERMITS VALID FOR? | Concealed Carry Pistol Licenses in Washington, D.C. are valid for 2 years. |
| LINK TO APPLICATION | The application and instructions can be downloaded from the D.C. Metropolitan Police Department website. |
| ARE NON-RESIDENT CONCEALED CARRY PERMITS ISSUED? | Yes, D.C. issues concealed carry licenses to non-residents; however, any firearm carried in the District must be registered, and those without a D.C. residence must also hold a permit from their state of residence. |
| WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU MOVE TO OR OUT OF WASHINGTON, D.C. AND WANT OR HAVE A CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT? | If you move within the District, your license remains valid. If you move out of Washington, D.C., your license remains valid until it expires, provided you notify the D.C. Metropolitan Police of your change of address. |
| WHAT ARE THE FEES FOR A CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT? | The fee for both initial issuance and renewals is $75. |
| WHAT IS THE PROCESSING TIME? | The processing time for a D.C. concealed carry license is approximately 90 days. |
| WHAT IS THE PROCESS FOR NAME OR ADDRESS CHANGES? | You must contact the D.C. Metropolitan Police for instructions on updating your name or address. |
| WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS? | Applicants must be 21 or older, possess (or register) a pistol, have a bona fide residence or place of business in D.C. (or a valid permit from their state), complete an approved firearms training course, and meet all eligibility criteria including background and mental health checks. |
| WHAT IS THE CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT APPLICATION PROCESS? | Step 1: Complete the required firearms training course. Step 2: Download the application and instructions. Step 3: Submit all required documents in person at the Firearms Registration Section at 300 Indiana Ave, NW, Room 3058 (where you will be fingerprinted and photographed). Step 4: Await notification within 60 days regarding your application status. |
| WHAT ARE THE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR A CONCEALED CARRY LICENSE? | Applicants must complete a firearms training course certified by the chief, which includes at least 16 hours of training (covering safety, marksmanship, maintenance, conflict management, and applicable laws) plus at least 2 hours of range training. Renewal applicants must complete 4 hours of safety training and 2 hours of range practice annually. |
| WHAT IS THE CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT RENEWAL PROCESS? | CCPLs must be renewed every 2 years. Renewal applications can be submitted online or via a downloaded form, then submitted in person at Room 3058, 300 Indiana Ave, NW. You will be photographed, and approval will be communicated upon review. |
| WHERE CAN I CARRY A CONCEALED FIREARM? | With a valid D.C. CCPL, you may carry a concealed handgun in your place of business and your home. Carry is not permitted in bars/restaurants that serve alcohol, on public transportation, in public parks, and in other specifically restricted areas. |
| WHERE CAN’T I CARRY A CONCEALED FIREARM? | You cannot carry in public memorials on the National Mall, along the Tidal Basin, around the White House, in the U.S. Naval Observatory area, on premises where alcohol is served, at stadiums, during certain public events with prohibitive signage, in educational institutions, government buildings, hospitals, penal institutions, polling places, on public transportation, within 1,000 feet of dignitaries or demonstrations, and in other areas designated by law. [D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07] |
| IS THERE A HUNTER HARASSMENT LAW? | The provided information does not specifically address a hunter harassment law in Washington, D.C., as the District’s firearm regulations primarily focus on urban settings. |
| CAN I CARRY WHILE HUNTING? | Hunting is not a typical activity in Washington, D.C., and the concealed carry regulations do not specifically address carrying while hunting. |
| CAN I CARRY WHILE BOW HUNTING? | Similarly, there is no specific provision regarding carrying while bow hunting in Washington, D.C. |
| WHAT ARE THE KNIFE LAWS? | It is illegal to concealed carry any deadly or dangerous weapon in any place other than your dwelling, place of business, or other land you possess, except for a handgun carried by a person with a D.C. CCPL. Additionally, possession of a blackjack, slungshot, sand club, sandbag, or switchblade is prohibited, and carrying a dagger, dirk, razor, stiletto, or any knife with a blade longer than 3 inches (with intent to use unlawfully) is illegal. Deadly weapons are also banned in safe school or recreation zones. [D.C. Code §§ 22-4514, 22-4504] |
| CAN I WEAR A COVID MASK AND CARRY CONCEALED? | Yes, there is no known D.C. statute that makes it illegal to wear a COVID‑19 protective mask while carrying a concealed firearm. [D.C. Code § 22-3312.03] |
| ARE THERE ANY SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR LEO’S OR RETIRED LEO’S? | Yes, law enforcement officers and retired law enforcement officers may carry under the Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act (LEOSA). Retired LEOs must renew their license annually via the online renewal service provided by the D.C. Metropolitan Police Department. |
Legal Note
This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. While every effort has been made to provide accurate and up-to-date information, laws and regulations may change, and individual circumstances can vary. It is solely the reader’s responsibility to verify the accuracy and applicability of any information presented here. The author, publisher, and any affiliated entities assume no liability for actions taken by readers based on the content of this article. For specific legal guidance, please consult a qualified attorney.
